Glossary
Specular Highlight
Highlight region with no printable dots and detail, contrast to a diffuse highlight. Also called dropout highlight and catchlight.
Spine
Binding edge or back of a publication
Spiral Bind
To bind using a twisting of unbroken plastic or wire looped through holes.
Split Fountain
Method of placing ink colors beside each other in the same ink spray and printing them off the similar plate.
Split Run
Dissimilar images printed in different versions of a publication for instance advertisements.
Spoilage
Paper that must be thrown away instead of delivered printed to the customer due to accidents or mistakes.
Spot Color or Varnish
One varnish or ink applied to segments of a sheet.
Spread
Method of increasing the size of an image to achieve a hairline trap with one more image.
Stat
Short form of photostat, therefore a general term for a reasonably priced photographic print of line copy or halftone.
Statistical Process Control
Technique used by printers to guarantee the delivery times and quality specified by customers.
Step and Repeat
Prepress method of revealing an image in an accurate, multiple pattern to make a plate.
Stocking Paper
Popular weights, sizes and colors of papers obtainable for prompt delivery from a merchant's warehouse.
Stock Order
Order for paper that a merchant or mill sends to a printer from record at a storehouse.
String Score
Score formed by pressing a thread against paper.
Strip
To gather images on platemaking for film. Stripping includes accumulate pieces of film into flats, correcting defects in film, and ensuring that flats and film register correctly. Also called image assembly and film assembly.
Substance Weight
Usually referring to bond papers, alternating term for basis weight. Also known as sub weight.
Stumping (Blocking)
Foil or other means in creating an image on a case bound book. Hot die in the book arena.
Substrate
Any material or surface on which printing is done.
Subtractive Color
Color created by the light reflected from a surface.
Subtractive Primary Color
Magenta, Yellow and cyan. These are known as process colors in the graphic arts because they are the inks colors used in color-process printing along with black.
Supercalendered Paper
Paper calendared using alternating fiber rollers and chrome to create a thin, flat sheet.
Surprint
Taking a previously printed matter and re-printingon the same.
Swash Book
A book in a wide range of forms, demonstrating precise stock in specific colors in a specific thickness.
SWOP
Acronym for specifications for web offset publications .
T
Tabloid
One half of a broadsheet using a broadsheet as a measure.
Tag
Ranking of strong, dense paper used for products like badges and file folders.
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)
File format of computer used to store images from video devices and scanners.
Target Ink Densities
Thickness of the four process inks as suggested for various printing grades and processes of paper.
Template
About a printing project's fundamental details in regard to its size.
Text Paper
Title for printing papers by means of textured surfaces such as linen. or laid.
Thermography
Method of printing by means of colorless resin powder that mount the color of underlying ink.
Thumbnails
Preliminary ideas jotted on almost anything in regard to opening concept of a future project.
Tint
Adding or screening white to a solid color for outcome of lightening that precise color.
Tip In
Adding up an additional page further than the normal process.
Tone Compression
Decrease in the tonal variety to printed reproduction from original scene.
Total Area Coverage (TAC)
Total of the dot percentages of the procedure colors in the final film. Also called maximum density, density of tone, shadow saturation, total ink coverage and total dot density.
Touch Plate
Plate that prints or accents a color that four-color process printing cannot replicate acceptably or at all.
Trade Shop
Service bureau, not for the general public, bindery or printer working primarily for other graphic arts experts.
Transparency
Positive photographic image on film permitting light to pass through.
Trap
To print a coating one or to print ink over another, for example varnish over an ink. The first liquid catches the second liquid.
Trim Size
The dimensions of the printed material in its final stage.
U
Uncoated Paper
Paper that has not been layered with clay. Also known as offset paper.
Undercolor Addition (UCA)
Method of making color separations that add the amount of magenta, cyan or yellow ink in shadow areas.
Undercolor Removal (UCR)
Method of creating color separations such that the quantity of magenta, cyan and yellow ink is decreased in shadow and midtone areas while the quantity of black is bigger.
Universal Copyright Convention
A system to defend exclusive work from replicating without knowledge from the inventor. One must register their work to qualify. Abbreviated UCC
Unsharp Masking
Procedure of regulating dot size to build a separation or halftone appears sharper than the first proof or the original photo. Also called peaking and edge enhancement.
Up
Expression to point out manifold copies of a single image printed on a single sheet in one impression.
UV Coating
Liquid applied to a printed sheet, then cured and bonded with ultraviolet light.
V
Value
The darkness or lightness of a color. Also called lightness, brightness, tone and shade.
Varnish
Liquid applied as a outside layer for appearance and protection.
Vellum Finish
To some extent rough, toothy finish.
Velox
Trade name for high-contrast photographic paper.
Viewing Booth
Small room or area that is arrange for correct viewing of color separations, transparencies or press sheets.
Vignette
Ornamental illustration or design fade to white.
Vignette Halftone
Halftone whose background smoothly and gradually fades away.
Virgin Paper
Paper made completely of pulp from cotton or trees when compared to recycled paper.
Volatile organic compounds (VOC)
Petroleum substances used as the medium for many printing inks.
W
Wash Up
To clean fountain solutions and ink from fountains, screens, rollers, and other press components.
Waste
Paper damage or unusable paper in normal make-ready, binding or printing operations, when compared to spoilage.
Watermark
Semi-transparent logo in paper produced during manufacturing by minor embossing from a dandy roll while paper is still about 90 percent water.
Web Break
Divide of the paper as it moves through a web press, resulting operators to rethread the press.
Web Gain
Objectionable stretching of paper as it passes through the press.
Wet Trap
To print varnish or ink over wet ink, when compared to dry trap.
Window
A die-cut hole illuminating an image on the sheet behind in a printed product.
With the Grain
Equivalent to the grain way of the paper being used, when compared to against the grain.
Woodfree Paper
Build with chemical pulp only. Paper usually classified as supercalendered or calendered.
Working Film
Middle films that will be copied to create final film after all improvements are made.
Wove
Paper made with no visible wire marks, generally a fine textured paper.
Wrong Reading
An image that is backwards at the time when compared to the original. Also called reverse and flopped reading.
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