Glossary
Comprehensive Dummy
Replication of a printed piece complete with graphics and colors.
Condition
Before printing, stay of paper in the pressroom for a required period of time, so that its moisture level and temperature equal that in the pressroom.
Contact Platemaker
A device with lights, timing mechanism and vacuum frame used to make duplicate film, contact prints, plates and proofs.
Continuous-tone Copy
Photographs having a range of shades not made up of dots as compared to halftones.
Contrast
The level of tones in an image range from brightest to lightest.
Converter
Business that formulate products such as envelopes, boxes and bags.
Copyboard
Frame on a process camera that holds print in position to be photographed.
Cover
Thick protection paper of a publication also advertises title.
Coverage
Degree to which ink cover the surface of a substrate. Ink coverage is generally expressed as fade, medium or intense.
Cover Paper
Sort of thick paper used for products like menus, posters and folders.
Crash
Cloth embedded in the glue along the spinal column of a book to increase the strength of binding.
Creep
Method of center pages of a folded mark extending a little beyond external pages.
Crop Marks
Outline surrounding the image demonstrating segments to be reproduced.
Synonyms: cut marks, tic marks
Crossover
Art that continues from one page of a book across the channel to the opposite page.
Synonyms: bridge, gutter bleed, gutter jump
Cure
Coatings of dry inks, varnishes or other material after printing to ensure good sticking and to avoid start out.
Customer Service Representative
An employee of business like printing, services, separator or other who organize projects and keeps customers informed.
Cutoff
Boundary of the impression cylinder of a web press or the length of the sheet to which press cuts from the roll of paper.
Cut Sizes
The sizes of paper that used with small presses and office machines.
Cutting Machine
A machine that cuts loads of paper to the required size. It can also be used in scoring or folding.
Cutting Die
Generally a custom ordered item to neat specific and printing projects having curious size.
CWT
Abbreviation for hundredweight using the Roman numeral C=100.
Cyan
One of the four process colors.
D
Data Compression
Method of minimizing the amount of storage required to hold a file. It results in obtaining extra storge in disk and quicker file opening.
Deboss
Pressing of an image inside paper so it lies below the surface.
Deckle Edge
Boundary of paper left torn as it comes from the papermaking machine instead of being cleanly cut.
Synonym: feather edge
Density
The thickness level of a layer of printed ink.
Density Range
Variation between the darkest and lightest areas of copy.
Synonyms: contrast ratio, copy range, tonal range.
Desktop Publishing
Technique of using a personal computer to design images and pages, and assemble type and graphics, then using a laser printer or imagesetter to output the assembled pages onto paper, film or printing plate. Abbreviated DTP.
Die
Tool for cutting, scoring, embossing, debossing and stamping.
Die Cut
A die used to cut irregular shapes in paper or paperboard.
Digital Proofing
Page proofs produced through electronic memory transferred onto paper via laser or ink-jet.
Diffusion Transfer
Chemical process of replicate line copy and making halftone positives ready for paste-up.
Digital Dot
Homogeneous dots created by a computer and printed out by a laser printer.
Direct Digital Color Proof
Color proof made by a computer controlled printer without requiring making separation films first.
Dog Ear
A letter fold at the side of one of the fold, a notch occurs.
Dot Gain
Relative size of halftone dots as compared to dots of the screen ruling being used. There is no unit of measurement to express dot size. Dots are too large, too small or correct only in comparison to what the viewer finds attractive.
Dots-per-inch
Resolution measurement of input/output computer devices e.g. monitors, scanners and printers.
Double Black Duotone
Duotone printed from two halftones, one shot for highlights and the other shot for midtones and shadows.
Double Bump
Double printing of a single image so it has two layers of ink
Double Burn
To expose film two times to different negatives and as a result create a compound image.
Double Density
Electronic recording method using a modified frequency to allow more storage of data.
Double Dot Halftone
Halftone double burned onto one plate from two halftones, one shot for shadows, the second shot for midtones and highlights.
Doubling
Appearance of blur or shadow in the image due to printing de fect.
DPI
Its dots per square inch, a measure of output resolution in relationship to printers, imagesetters and monitors.
Drawdown
Ink sample specified for a job
Synonyms: pulldown
Drill
To drill a hole in a printed matter.
Dropout
Halftone dots or fine lines eliminated from highlights by overexposure during camera work.
Dropout Halftone
Halftone in which contrast has been increased by eliminating dots from highlights.
Dry Back
To make happen printed ink colors becoming less dense as the ink dries.
Dry Offset
Using metal plates in the printing process exclusive of using water.
Dry Trap
Print by dry ink as compared to wet trap.
Dual-purpose Bond Paper
Bond paper suitable for printing by either lithography or xerography.
Dull Finish
Flat (not glossy) finish on coated paper; slightly smoother than matte. Also called suede finish, velour finish and velvet finish.
Dummy
Testing of the final product.
Synonyms: mockup
Duplicator
Lithographic press made for quick printing.
Dylux
Trademark for photographic paper used to make blue line proofs.
E
Electronic Front End (Electronic Composition)
Term refer to a computer based prepress system.
Electronic Image Assembly
Assemblage of a multiple image from segments of other images through computer.
Electronic Mechanical
Mechanical completely in electronic files.
Emboss
To push an image into paper so it lies above the surface.
Synonyms: cameo, tool
Emulsion
Cast of light-sensitive chemicals on papers, films, printing plates and stencils.
Encapsulated PostScript file
Computer files in cooperation with images and PostScript commands.
English Finish
A light smooth finishing on uncoated book paper.
Engraving
Printing method using a plate, also called a die, with an image cut into its surface.
EP
EP is abbreviation of envelope.
EPS
Abbreviation of Encapsulated Post Script. It is a file format generally used to transfer post script information from one program to another.
Equivalent Paper
Non-branded papers which look, print, and may cost the same as branded.
Synonym: comparable stock.
Estimate
The probable price of an upcoming project or job.
Synonym: bid, quotation and tender .
Estimator
A person creating the estimate of a specific project or job.
Etch
Use of chemicals to shape an image into metal, glass or film.
F
Face
Border of a bound publication opposite to the backbone.
Synonym: foredge.
Fast Color Inks
Inks with colors that keep their solidity and stand firm aganist fading as the product is used and washed.
Feeding Unit
Part of a printing press to move paper in the register unit.
Felt Finish
A Pattern of soft woven in text paper.
Felt Side
Surface of the paper that was not in contact with the Fourdrinier wire during papermaking, as compared to wire side.
Fifth Color
Ink color used in addition to the four needed by four-color process.
Film Gauge
It is thickness of film. The most common gauge for graphic arts film is 0.004 inch (0.1 mm).
Film Laminate
Thin sheet of plastic tied to a printed product for protection or increased gloss.
Fine Papers
Special Papers made for writing or commercial printing, as compared to coarse papers and industrial papers
Synonyms: Cultural papers, Graphic papers.
Fine Screen
Screen having ruling of at least 150 lines/inch (80 lines/cm) or more.
Finish
Characteristics of surface of paper. It is a universal term for folding, trimming, binding and all other post press operations.
Finished Size
Mass of product compared to flat size after production is completed.
Synonym: Trimmed size.
Fit
The ability of film to be rolled during assembly and stripping.
Fixed Costs
Costs that remain constant in spite of of how many pieces are printed. E.g. Copyrighting, photography and design are fixed costs.
Flat Color
Color created by printing single ink, as compared to a color created by printing four-color process.
Synonyms: Block color, Spot color
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